One of the guys definitively proved the HP in the bins is KW not HP. recently. When he converted the HP numbers to KW equivalents, he got the proper results.
Most open top cars are really messed up in the physics department. The Auto Racks, Tankers, Cement hoppers are a lot closer to being right when loaded.
Most of the American Coal cars and gondolas are okay when unloaded, but when you load them they actually act lighter.
70 loaded Donner Pass coal cars can be pulled up a 2.3% grade with only 3 SD40s at line speed of 25mph, easily. Yet it takes roughly 4 engines to pull an unloaded train version of the same cars at 17mph in some areas.
I thought a few years ago the numbers where reversed, but then I realized that the coal trains were acting pretty normal unloaded, just wanky when loaded.
I'm still not sure if they fixed them with Soldier Summit.
The bins are confusing, because they are a mix of metric and imperial.