mjlevy1118 wrote:As far as locomotive acceleration, what is the best practice for throttling up? Would the engineer slowly increase the throttle a notch or two at a time, wait for the ammeter to start to fall, then notch up more? Or would the engineer throw the throttle wide open after an initial 2-3 notch start?
What I remember is them swiping to run 8 after after they got the train moving. A 5 car train with the tight lock couplers didn't have a lot of slack. So once the slack was either stretched or bunched, it was ding ding... full speed ahead. The schedule was tight, especially on a local. With all the stops, you had to get up to track speed as quickly as possible.
An exception was that if you entered into a station working on signal that restricted your speed (such as a yellow or restricting), you were still operating under that signal aspect until passing the next signal. So if you did a stop and proceed (move under restricted speed) past the block signal into the station, when you departed the station, you were still under the restricted speed rule until your leading wheels past the next signal... and that signal was not a stop and proceed or an absolute stop signal. As a conductor, I had to remind the engineer upon departing the station that we were still operating under a signal aspect other than clear.
Another exception is for posted track speed. Departing the San Francisco platform, the engineer would notch up to get some speed in order to do a running brake test. But he wouldn't swipe to run 8 as the track speed was 10 or 15 mph until getting around the curve at 7th street.
Another exception was for delayed in block (train speed falls below 10 mph or train stops). When you stop at a station, you are delayed in block. In CTC territory, our rule (which was the GCOR rule modified by a general order), stated that for passenger trains, a train could speed up to 45 mph until the engineer could see the next signal AND could see that the track ahead was clear. You'll notice that just about all stations have a departing signal pretty close to the platform. That's by design to minimize the effects of delayed in block. The signal was close enough that the train speed was usually below 45 mph when passing the signal.
Before CTC was installed, the territory was current of travel ABS. Under ABS rules, a delayed in block passenger train could accelerate to 45 mph and had to maintain that speed until the leading wheels passed the next signal. So again, having a departing signal aspect close to the platform minimized the effects of delayed in block.
One of the favorite spots for engineer compliance testing in ABS days was around the curve from the So City platform on the southbound track. The next signal after the So City platform was around the curve. The manager would sit there with a radar gun, and if the train was exceeding 45 mph when passing the signal... instant vacation.
You might be asking why the difference between the ABS rule and the CTC rule. Once CTC was installed, if a switch was opened, it would show up on the dispatcher's panel. In ABS, the dispatcher can't see open switches. So it's up to the engineer to ensure the track is clear. The 45 mph speed was determined that a train could stop within the engineer's view if a switch was open. Again, the train could enter a block on a green and someone opens a switch past the platform. The engineer still thinks he is operating under a clear block, but in reality the block is not clear. Switches in ABS territory were hooked up to the signal system. So if a switch was open in a block, the signal governing entrance into the block would display red.
That's a very long way of saying that 99.9% of the time, the engineers went to run 8 as quickly as possible unless there was some reason to limit the speed.